This week we will be learning a little history about genetics and the father of genetics Gregor Mendel. We will also practice what we learned about how parents pass traits on to their offspring using punnet squares. Finally, you will be introduced to the cell cycle, mitosis, and meiosis.
A. Read the article and use the link below to answer the following analysis questions in complete thoughts.
1. Why is Gregor Mendel considered the father of modern genetics?
2. How did Mendel describe dominant and recessive traits?
3. How did Mendel explain hybrid plants?
4. What are Alleles?
5. What traits did Mendel observe in tall versus short pea plants?
B. Use the following link to answer the following questions in complete thoughts. Then practice completing punnett squares until you can do 3 punnet squares perfectly!
1. Genes that control traits come in?
2. What are the two types of alleles?
3. Recessive alleles only show up if?
C. Watch the video (use the link) and answer the following questions in complete thoughts.
1. List the phases of the cell cycle.
2. Why do the chromosomes line up in the center of the nucleus?
3. Why is it important for the chromosomes to separate before the cell divides?
17 comments:
1)He was the farther because he was the person who discovered gentics.
2)He said that the traits that showed up more are dominate traits. Then the ones that show up not as ressive traits.
3)He said if tall plants and short plants bread thats hyebrid offspring traits.
4)Two chances at a trait or two copies.
5)He observed ressive and domniate.
B
1)two pairs
2)Domanite and ressive
3)When there is no dominate trait there to supress them
C
1)Interphase,Duplicating its DNA,mitous phase
2)Metaphase
3)
A.1. Because he learned how things were passed down from one plant to another.
A.2. He said that the dominate and recessive traits are different. And if somehow they bred, it would be a hybrid offspring.
A.3.That if a tall plant breed with a short plant with a resesive trait it would it be medium height.
A.4. Alleles are one or two forms of the DNA sequence.
A.5. He observed that tall plants might also have recessive traits.
B.1.
1.Because he found the traits of peas that were passed down to each other. 2. He described them as dominate is the one that shows up more often, The recessive is the one that witch shows up less. 3.He described the hybrid one as when there mixed. } Dominate and recessive} 4.Alles is two copied traits. 5. Some had wrinkled, some smooth, green, yellow B.1- They come in pairs 2. The two types dominate and recessive. 3. When there is no dominate alle it is called phenotype. C- 1. It begins with a chemical signal to prepare for reproduction, the cell grows larger its called the G1 phase of cell life, after growth the cell duplicates the DNA it’s called the S phase, The DNA is then checked by enzymes for mistakes and being repaired this is The G2 phase of cell life, When ready cell division begins this is called mitosis.2 it is when fibers then attach to centromeres and are pulled into a line in the middle of the cell, it’s called metaphase, it separates them.3 It is important because it will all get mixed up and it is part of the cell cycle called Anaphase .
1. Gregor made discoveries about genetics.
2. First he learned that some traits showed up more often and he called them dominant traits. The traits that showed up less often he called recessive traits
3. Hyrid plants are different from domint plants. A hybrid plant could be be tall like its dominant parent but it still could have an allele for shortness, but you just dont see it.
4. Alleles are copies.
5. He noticed that a tall plant could have a recessive trait for shortness that we could not see.
B.
1. Genes that control a trait come in pairs
2. Blue Eye Color and Brown Eye Color
3. When there is no dominate allele
C.
1. List the phases of the cell cycle.
The cell grows larger and it is called the G1 phase of a cells life. Then the cell duplicates its DNA. This is called the S phase of a cells life. The DNA is then cheeked by enzymes for mistakes and repairs. This is called G2 phase of a cells life. When ready cell division begins this is called mitosis of a cells life.
2. Why do the chromosomes line up in the center of the nucleus? It sends out the DNA
3. As the chromosomes move from the center they split up because then it could affect the DNA.
1) he was the father of genitics and made huge discovers.
2) he said triats that show up more is a dominate and the traits that do not show up as lot is a ressicave.
3)he siad if a tail plant breads with a short plant than it will beconme a hybird.
4)two copies or two of the same trait.
5)he observed ressive and domniate traits.
B)1) two pairs
2)domnite and ressive traits.
3)when there is no domniate.
C)1)interphase to Duplicating the DNA to mitous phase.
2) Mitouse phase.
3)if the chromosons does not divded it will not have a parental DNA trait
BY Rodney and Tanner
A)1. Gregor Mendel is considered the father of modern genetics because he found many great discoveries about genetics. He looked at the traits and look at how they were passed down from parent to offspring plants.
2. He described dominant and recessive traits by dominant traits show up more often and and recessive traits showed up less often.
3. Mendel explained hybrid plants by if tall plants and shorts plants bred, they made a mixed or hybrid off spring plant.
4. Alleles are two chances at a trait, two croppies.
5. Mendel observed that a tall plant could be tall from the dominate trait, but they could still have a allele short trait but you just do not see it because it is not dominate these are traits he observed in tall or short plants.
B)1. Genes that control traits come in pairs, one from each parent.
2. Two types of alleles are dominate and recessive.
3. Recessive alleles only show up if there is no dominate allele present to suppress them.
C)1. The phases of the cell cycle are first growth phase, synthesis phase, second growth phase, and mitotic phase.
2. The chromosomes line up in the center of the nucleus because they are pulled apart and separated into the 23 and 23 out of 46 chromosomes.
3. It is important for the chromosomes to separate before the cell divides because they need to reproduce and make more.
Nina Mazza
A1) Gregor Mendel discovered that plants reproduce by pollen and traits are passed from parents to offspring.
A2) Traits that don’t show up very often are called recessive traits, traits that show up more often are called dominant traits.
A3) A hybrid offspring is when a parent makes a smaller offspring.
A4) Alleles are complete copies of the same thing.
A5) The tall and more formed pea plants produce better peas than the short little ones.
B1) Alleles
B2) AA and Aa (homozygous and heterozygous)
B3) They are Homozygous
C1) G1, S, G2, M.
C2) So they can perform better.
C3) So functions of the cell are still applicable.
Keith Sebald and Tyler Freeman Core B
Brooke Shad and Mia Groeschen Core B
A.
1- Gregor Mendel was considered considered the father of modern genetics because he was the first person to notice that many different thing appear different on different people of things. He was also the first one to start studying about genetics.
2- The way that Mendel had described dominant and recessive traits is that if a trait were to show up more, then it would be called a dominant trait and it would be called a recessive trait if it showed up less.
3- The way that Mendel explained a hybrid plant was that if two things/people with opposite traits, together they would have made a hybrid offspring of a mix.
4- An allele means that something would have two chances of getting a certain trait.
5- The traits that Mendel had observed in tall versus short pea plants were if the pod was plump or wrinkled, if the pea or pod is green or yellow, and if the flower is white or purple.
B.
1- These would be dominant traits and they come in capital letters.
2- These two alleles are recessive and dominant.
3- Recessive alleles only show up if the two letters are both capital or both lowercase letters.
C. 1- First the cell will grow larger, after it is done growing it duplicates the DNA, then the enzymes check for mistakes and repair them, and last the cell begins to divide.
2- the chromosomes line up in the center of the nucleus because they will have to be divided 23 and 23 from 46.
3- It is important for the chromosomes to separate before the cell does because this needs to happen for reproduction.
1. He is considered this because he discovers that traits are passed on from generation to generation from looking at peas on how some plants were tall and some were short. Some had wrinkled pods and some had smooth pods. Some pods were green and some where yellow. The flowers were white or purple.
2. He described that the traits that showed up more often were dominant traits, and the ones that showed up less often are recessive traits.
3. He explained them by saying that if the tall plats and the small plants bred it would create a hybrid.
4. Alleles are two copies of the gene so it can have two chances at a trait.
5. The tall level are plum and the short are wrinkled. The tall has round pea and the short has wrinkled. The tall has a green pea and the short is yellow. The tall has green pod and the short has yellow pod. The all has white flower and the short has purple flowers.
1. They come in pair’s one gene for each parent
2. The first is a dominate allele and the other is called recessive.
3. It shows up if there is no dominate allele present to suppress them.
1. The phases of the cell cycle are G1, S, G2, Mitosis.
2. The chromosomes line up at the center of the nucleus because they need to pull the fibers into a line in the middle
3. It is important because if they didn’t separate, the cell would not separate and divide.
jessica spurlock and tori holtman
genetics 2
A. 1. He found out about hybrid, dominant, recessive, and purebred.
2. Dominant showed up more often than Recessive that shows up less often.
3. They were made of mixed plants.
4. They are two copies of a trait.
5. When two tall hybrid plants breed, one in four of the offspring are short
B. 1. Capital letters
2. Hetero and Homo
3. If both genes are smaller letters
C. 1.G1, S, G2, M
2. They line up so the Spindle fibers.
3. So the new cell has the same DNA.
1. He discovered things about genetics. That helped him discover genetics in plants and peas.
2. Traits that showed up more often he called them dominant and traits that showed up less often he called them recessive traits.
3. If tall and short plants bred then they made a mixed or hybrid offspring plant.
4. Alleles are two copies of something.
5. What traits did Mendel observe in tall versus short pea plants?
5. Mendel observed
B.
1. They come in a pair.
2. Dominant and recessive
3. Can only show up if there is no dominant allele.
C.
1. First they have a chemical signal to prepare for reproduction, then the G1 phase happens, S phase happens after that, G2 phase, Then mitosis and the cell divides from that.
2. The fibers attach to the centromeres on the chromosomes and pull into a line in the middle of the cell.
3. They need to duplicate before they die.
By: Amanda Kamp and Jessica Chapman
A.1. Because he learned how things were passed down from one plant to another.
A.2. He said that the dominate and recessive traits are different. And if somehow they bred, it would be a hybrid offspring.
A.3.That if a tall plant breed with a short plant with a resesive trait it would it be medium height.
A.4. Alleles are one or two forms of the DNA sequence.
A.5. He observed that tall plants might also have recessive traits.
B.1. They come in pairs.
B.2. Dominant and recessive.
B.3. When theres no capital letter.
C.1.Interphase,Duplicating the DNA and the mitous phase
C.2.Metaphase
C.3. because all the genes would get mixed up which is called Anaphase.
Alex Sexton and jarred roland
Sara King, Core B
A) 1. And 2. Gregor Mendel was considered the father of genetics because he was the first person to understand the workings of DNA, he observed that traits that would show more often were called dominant traits, and the ones that were showing up less were called recessive traits. He saw that though a pea plant has the dominant trait of being tall, the recessive trait of being short could still be in the plants DNA if the plant was a hybrid and had both tall and short traits, one recessive and one dominant.
3. Hybrid plants were, as he described, if a tall plant and short plant bred, they would make a mixed breed called a hybrid.
4. Gregor said that each gene has two chances at a trait- two copies, or alleles. So, a hybrid plant could be carrying the tall and short trait but only the tall trait would show.
5. Mendel observed that tall plants could still have a short trait that was recessive, but did not show.
B) 1. Genes that control traits come in pairs, one gene from each parent.
2. Two types of alleles are dominant and recessive.
3. Recessive alleles only show up when there is no dominant trait present.
C) 1. Cell cycle: Begins with a chemical signal to prepare for reproduction. The cell grows larger, this is called the “G1 phase” of a cells life. After growth, the cell duplicates its DNA. This is called the “S phase” of the cell cycle. The DNA is then checked by enzymes for mistakes and repaired. This is called the “G2 phase” of the cell cycle. When ready cell division begins. It’s called mitosis. 2. The fibers attach to centromeres on the chromosomes, and pull them into a line in the middle of the cell(Metaphase).
3. It is important for the chromosomes to separate before the cell divides because it needs to be separated for reproduction.
A1. He was considered the father of modern genetics because he learned how plants passed down traits and he was the first person to dicover genetics.
2. He said if the traits showed up more often they would be dominate and if they showed up less often then they would be recessive.
3. He found out that if tall and short plants bred they will make a mixed hybrid plant.
4. Alleles is when genes have two chances at a trait and they make two copies.
5. Tall plants had plump pods, round peas, green peas, green pods, and white flowers. Short plants had wrinkled pods, wrinkled peas, yellow peas, yellow pods, and purple flowers.
B1. Genes that control traits come in pairs.
2.Two types of alleles are blue eyes and brown eyes.
3.Recessive alleles only show up when there is no dominant allele present.
C1. G1-S-G2-M
2. So when the cell splits in half the chromosomes divide equally.
3. The new cell would get double the amount of chromosomes it would need.
By-Marissa McCarthy and Emily Kehling.
A1. DNA. Also he breaded pea plants to make different colors and types of pea plants.
A2. He learned that some traits showed more often and he called them dominant traits. He learned that some traits less often and he called those recessive traits.
A3. He figured out that if tall and short plants are bred then they are called hybrid plants.
A4. An allele is several forms of genes, usually through mutation; they are responsible for hereditary variation.
A5. He found that plump vs. wrinkled pods and round vs. wrinkled peas and so on.
B1. Genes that control traits come in pairs.
B2. The two types of alleles are dominant and recessive.
B3. Recessive alleles only show up when there is no dominant allele present to suppress them.
C1.Cell grows larger G1 phase, the duplicates its DNA called the S phase, and then checked by enzymes in the G2 phase. When ready cell division begins, this is called Mitosis. And then cells divide.
C2. The fibers attach to centromeres on the chrosomes, and pull into a line in the middle.
C3.it could affect the DNA.
DNA. Also he breaded pea plants to make different colors and types of pea plants.
A2. He learned that some traits showed more often and he called them dominant traits. He learned that some traits less often and he called those recessive traits.
A3. He figured out that if tall and short plants are bred then they are called hybrid plants.
A4. An allele is several forms of genes, usually through mutation; they are responsible for hereditary variation.
A5. He found that plump vs. wrinkled pods and round vs. wrinkled peas and so on.
B1. Genes that control traits come in pairs.
B2. The two types of alleles are dominant and recessive.
B3. Recessive alleles only show up when there is no dominant allele present to suppress them.
C1.Cell grows larger G1 phase, the duplicates its DNA called the S phase, and then checked by enzymes in the G2 phase. When ready cell division begins, this is called Mitosis. And then cells divide.
C2. The fibers attach to centromeres on the chrosomes, and pull into a line in the middle.
C3.it could affect the DNA.
Courtney Sanchezzz && Mariah Schniderrr ; Core B ; February 10th .
A. [1] George Mendel is the father of modern genetics because he discovered that peas can come in shape and size according to their genetics.
[2] Mendel described dominant traits that they were the traits that showed up more often and that the recessive traits are the ones that show up less often.
[3] He said that hybrids plants where created when a tall plant and a short plant bred.
[4] Alleles are copies of the original.
[5] He noticed that a tall plant could have a recessive trait for shortness that we could not see.
[B] [1] Genes that control traits come in pairs .
[2] Blue and Brown eyes .
[3] They only show up when there is no dominant allele .
[C] [1] The phases of the cell cycle are G1, S, G2, Mitosis.
[2] Chromosomes line up in the center so they can pull the fibers into a line in the middle.
[3] IT is important because if they didn’t separate, the cell would not separate and divide.
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